Klaus, Bill, thank you for your responses and especially your optimism.

I do believe the coolant was compromised and froze (the coolant left in the low point in the system was frozen). The 15 year old plastic part in the cooling system was a very weak link in the system.

I believe the car was driven for a few miles without coolant for the following reasons:
- Lack of cabin heat for some time before shutdown
- The presence of coolant all over the engine bay (spread all over, not just drained)
- No start condition and odd sound of engine when turning over

The loss of power isn't an uncommon thing; every once in a while it loses boost and goes into a limp mode until you stop/restart the engine. So perhaps it did this as part of its reaction to the overheating (a good thing).

The battery and the spilled oil really throws me for a loop. Battery still had enough juice to turn the engine and subsequently took a charge. The green dot does not appear in the window though. I'll swap it out for the battery in our Odyssey and see what happens. Also will pull plugs to look for anomalies.

I'm not in a big hurry to seal and fill the cooling system. I've not known an engine that couldn't be started dry and run for a few seconds.