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Tire tread feathering such as you see is usually due to excessive toe...and based on your measurements that's what you have. A problem with your measurement method is that it's dependent on picking the exact centre of the tread on each tire. With the small measurements involved there's plenty of room for error.
But given the way you measured (if exactly on tread centre) you would have seen about 3mm if toe was on spec. You are well over that - too much toe.
To get my front end fairly close after a strut, ball jt, and tie rod job, I used two thin sticks, each about 4ft, overlapped so they would barely fit in between the front tire sidewalls from side to side, and held together with rubber bands. Extend (telescope) the stick assembly until each end touches a tire inner sidewall at the front of the tire, as high up as you can get them. Carefully remove the sticks without disturbing their combined length and get them around to the back of the tires and measure there - on the sidewall and again as high up as it will go. The gap you should now see (back width minus front) the toe. Volvo specify 2.5mm when measured at the sidewall.
My experience has been that 240's hold their alignments for a long time, so I've felt that the $50 or so for a good, professional alignment (independent tire shop) pays off in tire life and fuel economy.
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Bob (son's 81-244GL B21F, dtr's 83-244DL B23F, 'my' 94-944 B230FD; plus grocery-getter Dodge minivan, hobbycar 77 MGB, and a few old motorcycles)
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