"...and the 4 warning lights in the instrument cluster did not light."
May I assume they did not light with the key on and the engine not running? Yet when you grounded the D+ wire (to what?) the warning lights did come on for lamp test.
The two most common reasons are (1) one of the brushes is too short to contact the slip ring or (2) the alternator's ground wire is broken. Both of these troubles can present as intermittent faults.
There are other reasons, such as a loose connector that I gather you would have noticed when you tested the D+ wire to ground, or internal faults of the alternator, such as poor connection between the regulator contacts and alternator, or a broken field winding connection at the slip rings, but not as common as short brushes.

short brushes

new brushes

--
Art Benstein near Baltimore
I found I could say things with color and shapes that I couldn't say any other way - things I had no words for. - Georgia O'Keeffe
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