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Electric overdrive on manual transmission? 200 1981

So I'm fairly new to volvos and I just got my first one, its a 1981 244 GL. The transmission is kind of weird, it is a manual but on the handle, it has a button for fifth gear(overdrive). this means it has an electric overdrive but i thought that was only on automatics... can any one explain how this works? thank you!








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    Electric overdrive on manual transmission? 200 1981

    Be sure to clutch when you press the OD button.
    Dukester
    '85 244 M46 (that still works 'cause I've been using the clutch)








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    Electric overdrive on manual transmission? 200 1981

    Below is the address for a SHORT READ about the Laycock-de Normanville OD used on many cars besides (and before) Volvo.

    http://www.spannerhead.com/2011/10/29/technical-curiositiesthe-laycock-de-normanville-overdrive/

    Or google below here for a lifetime of reading on the L de N OD:

    http://www.google.com/search?q=laycock+de+normanville&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&aq=t&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a


    --
    Bruce Young, '93 940-NA (current), 240s (one V8), 140s, 122s, since '63.








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    Electric overdrive on manual transmission? 200 1981

    In addition to John's post, follow this link: All one line

    https://www.brickboard.com/FAQ/700-900/TransmissionManual.htm#ManualM46LaycockOverdriveUnitBasicOperation

    Duane








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    Electric overdrive on manual transmission? 200 1981

    Is it a slide switch or a push button?

    With the slide switch type, the car will automatically shift into overdrive when you are in 4th gear - if the switch is in the "on" position.

    If you have a push button, you can engage overdrive in 4th gear only (it is locked out in gears 1, 2 and 3 by means of a switch that senses when the transmission is in 4th) by disengaging the clutch, pushing the button on the shifter, and then releasing the clutch.

    As to how it works. The transmission is a 4-speed gearbox. The overdrive is hitched to the rear of the transmission and is, essentially, an automatic gearbox with only one ratio. The switch is connected to a relay which in turn powers a solenoid mounted on the transmission. When the solenoid is actuated, transmission fluid flows past the piston in the solenoid and if it is at a high enough pressure (determined by road speed) the overdrive will engage.

    It is called "overdrive" because the effective gear ratio with overdrive engaged is better than 1:1 (0.84:1 from memory). The output shaft is turning more than one complete revolution for each revolution of the input shaft, thus "overdriving" the transmission. The result is a lower engine speed, lower fuel consumption, and less engine noise on the highway.

    A different means to the same end as a 5-speed stick








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      Electric overdrive on manual transmission? 200 1981

      hi john m- good answer but one clarification. i have only seen two types of electric overdrives on american cars: the laycock denorman on the 1970s era amc cars(gremlin) which works as you say with the button model and the much more common borg warner type. both were semi automatically actuated at about 28mph by sensing engine rpm by a sensor on the distributor. the difference is the laycock only actuated from high gear. both would shift back to high gear if the speed dropped below 28mph to prevent harmful lugging. the much more common borg warner type had a strange difference which i think was unintended . you had a 3speed manual trans but actually had a 6speed trans. once the overdrive was engaged by a t handle pushed in under the dash, the sensor would sense 28mph and allow the shift into od. the sensor would also actuate a split second and hardly noticeable interruption of the ignition taking the torque load off the trans and allowing the shift into od. interestingly this would give you 6 speeds 1st direct, 1st od, 2d direct, 2d od etc.but you had to manage clutching ,moving the column shift lever and t handling the od cable in an orderly fashion. cumbersome and most drivers didnt do this , only using the od from high gear. one additonal thing is in the borg warner od you had free wheeling until you were in od which would allow you the convenience of shifting up and down while rolling without using the clutch .you only had to step on the clutch when stoppingor going into reverse. i had a 63 and a 65 chevrolet with the od trans which worked exactly like this . im guessing the volvo slide button model worked exactly like that too. the push button volvo since it only allowed od shift from high gear probably didnt . my question toyou is this: i doubt the volvo electric od actually worked by automatically disengaging the clutch to allow the shift into od because you could do the same thing more simply by having a solenoid activated od box behind the trans as in the the borgwarner. any kind of free wheeling adds the safety risk of increasing brake effort to stop the car when you take your foot off the gas. it is surprising that the borg warner ods in most american cars between the early 40s until their demise in 68 worked with all this complication and proneness to trouble. would have been much better to go to a fully shiftable(manual) od as volvo did with the 5speed m47. american cars did this too in the late 70s. i had one of them too in 77 with a dodge which had a 4speedmanual od trans. what do you think? thanks tons oldduke








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        Electric overdrive on manual transmission? 200 1981

        As far as I know, the slide switch overdrive did not have a provision for cutting off spark or fuel delivery during engagement. In fact, I believe this is why Volvo dropped the slide switch in favor of the push button with the proviso to use the clutch before engaging the overdrive. Easier on the drive train...







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