I'd say the clutch is working great!

Clutch engages, the belt tries to drive the compressor behind it. Compressor sounds like it don't want to go around. For now, I'd just live without A/C. Even unplug the wire from the compressor (it might kick on if you do defrost)

When you have time, hook it back up, remove the belt, turn on A/C, and see if you can turn the compressor by hand. I think the clutch should engage with the engine off.

Maybe a bolt fell out and landed between the compressor body and the clutch? I don't know.
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-Matt I ♥ my ♂

p/s bearing, tensioner and clutch bearings would make the belt squeal all the time, so it sounds as if your compressor is the problem, although the 1st incident may have ruined your belt. replace the belt and you might get lucky. if not, have you had the a/c recharged recently? York compressors don't like 134a as they build extremely high head pressures, making the compressor hard to turn. the rule of thumb on converting to 134a is 75-85% of the r-12 charge. that's too much Freon for your compressor. just add enough to begin cooling, if it starts to squeal, let some Freon out. or go to a junkyard and find the bracket and radial compressor from another model. if you can live w/o air you can run a shorter belt, eliminating the compressor. in a pinch, cut the belt off and drive w/o the p/s or a/c.

Oh btw... 1984 Volvo 245 b23f York compressor.